Hydrometers

Types of Hydrometers Plain Form hydrometers do not have a built-in thermometer; use a separate thermometer to measure the temperature . Specific Gravity is the standard scale for what a hydrometer measures. Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of your sample at 60° F to the density of water at 60° F. Degrees API scale hydrometers are selected by the American Petroleum Institute ( API) , the United States Bureau of Mines, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology ( NIST) as the standard scale for petroleum products. Degrees Baumé hydrometers are used for liquids heavier than water, such as syrups. Brix Scale hydrometers are used by the sugar industry. The degrees of the scale are equal to the percentage of sucrose by weight at standard temperatures. Salt hydrometers are graduated in % saturation or % by weight of salt in solution. Alcohol ( Tralle and Proof Scales) hydrometers measure directly in percentage ethyl alcohol by weight in water from 0 to 100% . The Proof scale indicates the proof of alcohol from 0 to 200 proof. Proof is twice the percentage of alcohol by volume in solution. Soil hydrometers determine the specific gravity of a suspension, enabling the percentage of particles of a certain equivalent particle diameter to be calculated. How to Read a Hydrometer 1. Pour your sample into a smooth, clear cylinder or jar that is dry or well rinsed with a portion of the sample. 2. Make sure that your sample is thoroughly mixed before testing. 3. Immerse the hydrometer in the liquid to a point slightly below the place where it naturally floats. Make sure the hydrometer and liquid are at rest and free of air bubbles. 4. Measure the temperature of the sample. Ideally, the sample temperature should be equal to the temperature standard of the hydrometer, generally 60° F. If temperature differences are unavoidable, correction tables can help to adjust readings— call our Application Specialists for information. 5. Take your reading at the point where the surface of the liquid crosses the hydrometer. e-mail: bambang@ askotama.co.id